Allopurinol
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Name
Class of drug
- Xanthine oxidase inhibitor.
Action
- Decreases the formation of uric acid by blocking the conversion of hypoxanthine to xanthine, and of xanthine to uric acid.
Indications
Routes of administration
Dosage
Basic dose
Dogs
- Uric acid urolithiasis: 10 mg/kg PO TID for 1 month, then 10 mg/kg PO SID.
- Use low purine diet concurrently.
- Use concurrent urinary alkalinisation (to ph 7).
- Leishmaniasis: 30 mg/kg PO SID with meglumine antimonate for induction, then 20 mg/kg PO SID for one week a month.
Use with care
- If decreased renal function.
Interactions
with other drugs
- Allopurinol inhibits the metabolism of azothioprine and enhances the risk of neutropenia. The combination should be avoided.
- In Man may increase the effect of:
- Azathioprine.
- Cyclophosphamide.
- Oral anticoagulants.
- Theophylline.
Other reported reactions
- Development of xanthine urolithiasis.
Publications
Refereed papers
- Vercammen F et al (2004) Follow-up of Leishmania infantum naturally infected dogs treated with allopurinol: immunofluorescence antibody test, ELISA and Western Blot. Acta Trop 84 , 175-181.
- Cavaliero T, Arnold P et al (1999) Clinical, serologic and parasitologic follow-up after long-term allopurinol therapy of dogs naturally infected with Leishmania infantum. JVIM 13 , 330-334.
Other sources of information
- Based on Small Animal Formulary. Tennant Bryn (1999) 3rd edn. Cheltenham: BSAVA. ISBN: 0 905214 44 7.
Vetstream contributor(s)
- Dr Lauren Trepanier , Department of Medical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 2015 Linden Drive West, Madison, WI 53706-1102, USA.
© Copyright 2002 Vetstream
Evidence of its efficacy is lacking.
with meglumine antimonate
